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![]() ![]() QuerySet API reference¶ This document describes the details of the QuerySet API. It builds on the material presented in the model and database query guides, so you.Chapter 4. Schemas and Database Objects. The persistent elements of an SQL environment are database objects. The database consists of catalogs plus authorizations. A catalog contains schemas, and schemas contain the objects that. Each catalog contains a special schema called INFORMATION_SCHEMA. This schema is read- only and contains some views and other schema objects. The views contain lists of all the database objects that exist within the. Each database object has a name. A name is an identifier and is. Schemas and Schema Objects. In Hyper. SQL, there is only one catalog per database. The name of the. catalog is PUBLIC. You can rename the catalog with the ALTER. CATALOG RENAME TO statement. All schemas belong the this. The catalog name has no relation to the file name of the. Each database has also an internal "unique" name which is. This name is used. You can also change this unique name. Schema objects are database objects that contain data or govern or. By definition, each schema object belongs to a. Schema objects can be divided into groups according to their. Some kinds of schema objects can exist independently from other. Other kinds can exist only as an element of another. These dependent objects are automatically destroyed. Separate name- spaces exists for different kinds of schema. Some name- spaces are shared between two similar kinds of. ![]() There can be dependencies between various schema objects, as a. These. references can cross schema boundaries. Interdependence and cross. Schema objects can be destroyed with the DROP statement. If. dependent schema objects exist, a DROP statement will succeed only if. CASCADE clause. In this case, dependent objects are also. In some cases, such as dropping DOMAIN. The persistent elements of an SQL environment are database objects. The database consists of catalogs plus authorizations. A catalog contains schemas, and schemas. Read "How to Install MySQL and Get Started" on how to install, customize, and get started with MySQL. Summary of MySQL Commands Used in this Tutorial. PHP 7 in easy steps All users. All code examples (164 KB) Project 2013 in easy steps All users. All code examples ( 647 KB) Project Program and Portfolio Management. A new Hyper. SQL catalog contains an empty schema called PUBLIC. By. default, this schema is the initial schema when a new session is started. New schemas and schema objects can be defined and used in the PUBLIC. You can. rename the PUBLIC schema. Hyper. SQL allows all schemas to be dropped, except the schema that is. PUBLIC. schema). For this schema, a DROP SCHEMA .. CASCADE statement will succeed. The statements for setting the initial schema for users are. Statements for. Authorization and Access Control chapter. The name of a schema object is an. The name belongs to the. The name is unique. For example, each schema has a separate. TRIGGER objects. In addition to the name- spaces in the schema. Each table has a. Because a schema object is always in a schema and a schema always. SQL statement. This is done by forming an < identifier chain>. In some contexts, only a simple < identifier>. While in some other contexts, the use of. An identifier. chain is formed by qualifying each object with the name of the object. Therefore a column name is prefixed with a. A fully qualified column name is. Hyper. SQL extends the SQL standard to allow renaming all database. The ALTER .. RENAME TO command has slightly different forms. If an object is referenced in a VIEW or. ROUTINE definition, it is not always possible to rename it. A CHARACTER SET is the whole or a subset of the UNICODE character. A character set name can only be a < regular. There is a separate name- space for character. There are several predefined character sets. These character sets. INFORMATION_SCHEMA. However, when they are referenced in a. The following character sets, together with some others, have been. SQL Standard: SQL_TEXT, SQL_IDENTIFIER, SQL_CHARACTERThe SQL_CHARACTER consists of ASCII letters, digits and the. SQL language. SQL_TEXT and SQL_IDENTIFIER are. Hyper. SQL defines SQL_TEXT as the UNICODE. SQL_IDENTIFIER as the UNICODE character set minus the. SQL language special characters. SQL_TEXT consists of the full set of Unicode characters. These. characters can be used in strings and clobs stored in the database. The. character repertoire of Hyper. SQL is the UTF1. 6 character set, which. If a predefined character set is specified for a table column. Hyper. SQL does not enforce the CHARACTER SET. SQL_TEXT. A COLLATION is the method used for ordering character strings in. The system collation is called SQL_TEXT. This collation sorts. Unicode code of the characters, UNICODE_SIMPLE. The. system collation is always used for INFORMATION_SCHEMA tables. The default database collation is the same as the system. You can change this default, either with a language. SQL_TEXT_UCC. This collation is a. UNICODE_SIMPLE collation. Collations for a large number of languages are supported by. Hyper. SQL. These collations belong to INFORMATION_SCHEMA. However, when. they are referenced in a statement, there is no need for a schema. A different collation than the default collation can be specified. CHAR or VARCHAR. A collation can also be used in an ORDER BY clause. A collation can be used in the GROUP BY clause. CREATE TABLE t (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(2. COLLATE "English"). SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY name COLLATE "French". SELECT COUNT(*), name FROM t GROUP BY name COLLATE "English 0". In the examples above, the collation for the column is already. In the first SELECT statement, the column. French collation. In the second SELECT, the. English 0" collation is used in the GROUP BY clause. This collation is case insensitive, so the same name with different uses. The supported collations are named according to the language. You. can see the list in the INFORMATION_SCHEMA. COLLATIONS view. You can use. If. you add a strength between 0, 1, 2, 3, the case sensitivity and accent. The value 0 indicates least sensitivity to. At this strength the collation is case- insensitive and. At strength 1, differences. At strength 2, both. Finally 3 indicates additional. A second parameter can also be. See the Java and ICU (International Components for Unicode). For example. possible forms of the French collation are "French". French 0", "French 1", etc. French 2 1", etc. When the collation is specified. When a collation is not explicitly used in the CREATE TABLE. If you change the database default collation afterwards. With the older versions of Hyper. SQL the special type. VARCHAR_IGNORECASE was used as the column type for case- insensitive. Any column already defined as VARCHAR_IGNORECASE will be. In version 2. 3. 0 and later, this form is. UCC after the collation name, for example. French UCC". You can still use the SET IGNORECASE TRUE statement in. UCC to be applied to the collation for the. VARCHAR columns of new tables. UCC stands for Upper Case Comparison. Before comparing two strings, both are converted to uppercase using the. This is exactly how VARCHAR_IGNORECASE worked. It is recommended to use the default SQL_TEXT collation for your. CHAR or VARCHAR columns. For columns where a language collation. When comparing two strings, Hyper. SQL 2 pads the shorter string. You can. change the default database collation with one that does not pad the. This method of comparison was used. User defined collations can be created based on existing. These collations are part of. See the COLLATE keyword and SET DATABASE COLLATION statement in. System Management chapter. The PAD SPACE or NO PAD. Important. If you change the default collation of a database when there are. CHAR or VARCHAR columns that are part of. SHUTDOWN COMPACT or SHUTDOWN SCRIPT after the change. If you do not do. A distinct, user- defined TYPE is simply based on a built- in type. A distinct TYPE is used in table definitions and in CAST. Distinct types share a name- space with domains. A DOMAIN is a user- defined type, simply based on a built- in type. A DOMAIN can have constraints that limit the values that the DOMAIN can. A DOMAIN can be used in table definitions and in CAST. Distinct types share a name- space with domains. A SEQUENCE object produces INTEGER values in sequence. The. SEQUENCE can be referenced in special contexts only within certain SQL. For each row where the object is referenced, its value is. There is a separate name- space for SEQUENCE objects. IDENTITY columns are columns of tables which have an internal. SEQUENCE object. Hyper. 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Torrentz Search Engine. Torrentz will always love you. Crack software download PolyWorks v2015 ASA OILMAP v6.4 Dolphin Imaging v11.8 exocad v2015 SPEAG SEMCAD X Matterhorn v15 Win.![]() Torrentz will always love you. Farewell. © 2003-2016 Torrentz. Complete Technical Acronyms, Glossary & Definitions for PC, SAN, NAS, QA, Testing, HDTV, Wireless, Linux, Embedded, Networks, Video, Digital, pharma, Unix, Video. ![]() ![]() ![]() Libro - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre. Un libro (del latínliber, libri) es una obra impresa, manuscrita o pintada en una serie de hojas de papel, pergamino, vitela u otro material, unidas por un lado (es decir, encuadernadas) y protegidas con tapas, también llamadas cubiertas. Un libro puede tratar sobre cualquier tema. Según la definición de la Unesco,[1] un libro debe poseer 2. También se llama "libro" a una obra de gran extensión publicada en varias unidades independientes, llamados "tomos" o "volúmenes". ![]() Otras veces se llama también "libro" a cada una de las partes de una obra, aunque físicamente se publiquen todas en un mismo volumen (ejemplo: Libros de la Biblia). Hoy en día, no obstante, esta definición no queda circunscrita al mundo impreso o de los soportes físicos, dada la aparición y auge de los nuevos formatos documentales y especialmente de la World Wide Web. El libro digital o libro electrónico, conocido como e- book, está viendo incrementado su uso en el mundo del libro y en la práctica profesional bibliotecaria y documental. Además, el libro también puede encontrarse en formato audio, en cuyo caso se denomina audiolibro. Desde los orígenes, la humanidad ha tenido que hacer frente a una cuestión fundamental: la forma de preservar y transmitir su cultura, es decir, sus creencias y conocimientos, tanto en el espacio como en el tiempo. El planteamiento de esta cuestión supone: por un lado, determinar la forma de garantizar la integridad intelectual del contenido de la obra y la conservación del soporte en el que fue plasmada, y por otro, encontrar el medio por el cual se mantendrá inalterada la intención o finalidad para la cual se concibió. Los orígenes de la historia del libro se remontan a las primeras manifestaciones pictóricas de nuestros antepasados, la pintura rupestre del hombre del paleolítico. Con un simbolismo, posiblemente cargado de significados mágicos, estas pinturas muestran animales, cacerías y otras escenas cotidianas del entorno natural del hombre antiguo, que trataba de dominar las fuerzas adversas de la naturaleza capturando su esencia mediante su representación. Son el más antiguo precedente de los primeros documentos impresos de que se tiene memoria. Comunicación oral y formas rudimentarias[editar]Las señales gestuales fueron la primera forma de expresar y transmitir mensajes. 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La mayoría de las veces era el narrador (rapsoda, aeda, juglar) quien en función de sus intereses la deformaba de una u otra forma. La escritura[editar]Cuando los sistemas de escritura fueron inventados en las antiguas civilizaciones, el hombre utilizó diversos soportes de escritura: tablillas de arcilla, ostracon, placas de hueso o marfil, tablas de madera, papiros, tablillas enceradas, planchas de plomo, pieles curtidas, etc. La escritura fue el resultado de un proceso lento de evolución con diversos pasos: imágenes que reproducían objetos cotidianos (pictografía); representación mediante símbolos (ideografía); y la reproducción de sílabas y letras. Los más antiguos vestigios de escritura se encuentran, hacia finales del IV milenio a. C., en el Antiguo Egipto, con jeroglíficos, y la antigua Mesopotamia, mediante signos cuneiformes (escritura cuneiforme; utilizaban una varilla con sección triangular, que al hendir en placas de arcilla, dejaba una marca en forma de cuña). La usaron los sumerios, acadios, asirios, hititas, persas, babilonios etc. La escritura egipcia, que perduró más de tres milenios, mediante jeroglíficos, representaba ideas abstractas, objetos, palabras, sílabas, letras y números. Evolucionó en las escrituras hierática y demótica. Otros pueblos, como los hititas y los aztecas también tuvieron tipos propios de escritura. La escritura china más antigua que se conoce son 5. C. en el yacimiento de Xiaotun, en la provincia de Henan. Pero los primeros libros reconocibles de China corresponden al siglo VI a. C., los jiance o jiandu, rollos de finas tiras de bambú o madera grabados con tinta indeleble y atados con cordel. Estos textos servían principalmente a causas institucionales , era la obra de funcionarios civiles o militares.[3]Desde Confucio en adelante (5. C.) los libros se convirtieron en importantes instrumentos de aprendizaje, se escribieron tratados de filosofía, medicina, astronomía y cartografía. En el período de los reinos combatientes (4. C.) La seda se usó mucho como soporte para escribir. La tela era ligera, resistente al clima húmedo, absorbía bien la tinta y proporcionaba al texto un fondo blanco, sin embargo era mucho más cara que el bambú, es por esto que en ocasiones se hacía una copia en bambú antes de grabarse en seda los textos importantes. La invención del papel según la tradición china, se atribuye a un eunuco de la corte imperial llamado Cai Lin en el 1. C. Usando nuevos ingredientes (trapos viejos, cáñamo, corteza de árbol y redes de pescar) creó un método de fabricación de papel muy similar al que se usa hoy en día. Pero el papel tardó cientos de años en reemplazar al bambú y la seda, fue hasta finales del siglo II d. C. que la corte imperial lo usó en cantidades importantes. Esta innovación no se propagó fuera de China hasta el 6. Reserva online una de las 17 salas disponibles en Ciencias y en Humanidades. El Servicio de Bibliotecas ofrece formación para todos los miembros de la Universidad.C. aproximadamente, y alcanzó Europa a través de España hasta el siglo XII. A mediados del siglo VIII los chinos inventaron la impresión xilográfica, o el grabado en madera, y la necesidad de reproducir un gran número de textos e imágenes budistas, calendarios, manuales de adivinación y diccionarios promovió una rápida y temprana propagación de la xilografía. El primer libro impreso chino que se ha encontrado es el Sutra del diamante del 8. C. Los impresores chinos crearon los tipos móviles hacia el siglo XI, el escritor chino Ch'en Kua (1. Mengshi Pitan), según el escritor el herrero Jen. Tsung de la dinastía de los Song del norte entre 1. También se le atribuye la creación de una mesa giratoria para guardar los caracteres, esta técnica se llamaba tipografía tablearia. Hacia el 1. 30. 0 Wang- Tcheng, un técnico agrónomo, emplazó la arcilla por madera de azufaifo, que era mucho más dura. Pero este avance no revolucionó la imprenta hasta el punto que lo hizo Gutenberg en Europa 4. A diferencia de las lenguas europeas, el chino escrito requiere miles de caracteres únicos, lo que hace mucho más eficaz los bloques de madera individuales que los enormes conjuntos de tipos reutilizables. En contraste con el declive de las artes de los escribas en occidente en los siglos que siguieron a la creación de la imprenta de tipos móviles, la caligrafía china conservó su prestigio, era un arte. No obstante, a finales del siglo XV, China había producido más libros que el resto del mundo junto. Los árabes aprendieron la técnica para fabricar papel de sus contactos con China en el siglo VIII, y este se introdujo en Europa en el siglo XII a través de la España musulmana.[3]La obra xilográfica más antigua encontrada hasta nuestros días es el Dharani Sutra de Corea, datado en el 7. C., aunque no se sabe quién fue el inventor de la xilografía los chinos y coreanos fueron los que impulsaron la impresión xilográfica, principalmente para editar textos religiosos. El budismo chino y coreano fue el vehículo que trasmitió la xilografía a Japón. Pero Corea realizó muchos otros avances que revolucionaron la manera de imprimir y en consecuencia el libro. Entre 1. 23. 4 y 1. Gwanghwa, debido a la invasión mongol, no disponían de madera dura fue entonces que imprimieron 2. Go geum sang jeong ye mun con caracteres móviles metálicos. La obra del año 1. Más tarde el rey Taejong puso en funcionamiento un taller que contribuía a la difusión de la escritura y en 1. Jujaso, donde se fabricaban caracteres móviles de imprenta, realizó la primera fundición de tipos móviles en bronce. Best Kitchen Faucet Reviews (Updated 2. Use our list of how to choose the best kitchen faucet to ensure that you buy one that fits your kitchen, meets all your needs and works with your budget. 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Step 2: Format a USB flash drive. In case you’re wondering how big of a USB flash drive you need, an 8. GB drive is perfect since it can accommodate any of the three available ISO images. Here are the steps to format a USB flash drive. Insert a USB flash drive into your computer Start a Command Prompt as an Administrator and type diskpart. This starts the Disk Partition tool which you need to use to format the flash drive. Once you see the DISKPART command prompt, type in the following commands DISKPART> list disk /* shows list of active disks */DISKPART> select disk # /* # is the number for your USB flash drive */DISKPART> clean /* deletes any existing partitions on the USB flash drive */DISKPART> create partition primary /* create a primary partition on the USB flash drive */DISKPART> select partition 1 /* select the newly created partition */DISKPART> active /* make the new partition active */DISKPART> format FS=NTFS /* format the USB drive with NTFS file system */DISKPART> assign /* assign a volume and drive letter to the USB drive */DISKPART> exit /* exit Disk Partition */At this point, your USB flash drive should be showing up in Windows Explorer and have a drive letter assigned to it, e. If I format and copy over a Win7 install partition as given above on my 8 gb data traveler 100, don’t I need to copy over a boot sector command to get it to boot as. F: \. Step 3: Make the USB flash drive bootable. We just need to make the USB flash drive bootable before copying the files. To do this, you can use the Boot Sector Registration Tool (bootsect. Windows 8 ISO image. · Like many folks, after watching the BUILD keynote this morning, I couldn’t wait to get home and install Windows 8 Developer Preview on my laptop. The.Start a Command Prompt as an Administrator and CHDIR into the boot folder of the Windows 8 ISO image, e. I: \boot where I: \ is the drive where the ISO image is mounted Type bootsect /nt. E: /* where E: is the drive assigned to the USB flash drive */ You should see the following confirmation after bootsec. Step 4: Copy the Windows 8 files onto the USB flash drive. From a command line, use XCOPY to copy the Windows 8 files to the USB flash drive . In the example below, I: \ is the drive where the ISO image is mounted. F: \ is the USB flash drive. XCOPY I: \*.* F: \ /E /F /HStep 5: Install Windows 8 from the bootable flash drive. Finally, follow these instructions to install Windows 8 on your computer. Remove your USB flash drive from your "source" computer and insert it into the "target" computer where you want to install Windows 8 On the computer where you are installing Windows 8, press the power button to turn on the computer During boot up, select the USB flash drive to boot from (if you don't see the USB flash drive as an option, you may have to adjust your BIOS settings) Follow the instructions to install Windows 8 Developer Preview Here is a screen shot from the boot manager on my computer showing the USB flash drive as an option. I installed Windows 8 Developer Preview on a vanilla Dell Inspiron 1. ![]() R laptop which unfortunately doesn't have touch (or any other sensors for that matter). The personalization steps in Windows 8 Developer Preview are really quick. And here is the final screenshot of my shiny new Windows 8 installation! |
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October 2017
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